Ingwate y'amagufwa ya orthopedic ni ibintu byubuvuzi bikoreshwa cyane mubusaga bwa orttopedic. Irakoreshwa cyane cyane gukosora prostraes ya artificiel, yuzuza imyuka ihumuntu, kandi itanga inkunga no gukosorwa muburyo bwo kuvura. Yuzuza icyuho hagati yingingo za artificial hamwe namagunga, bigabanya kwambara no gutatanya imihangayiko, kandi byongera ingaruka zo kubaga dusohoka.
Ikoreshwa ryibanze ryumusumari ni:
1. Gusana ibicuruzwa: Ingwate y'amagufwa irashobora gukoreshwa mu kuzuza no gutunganya imbuga.
2. Kubaga amagufwa: Mu kubaga amagufwa, ingwate y'amagufwa ikoreshwa mu gusana no kubaka ibintu bihuriyeho.
3. Gusana amagufwa: Ingwate y'amagufwa irashobora kuzuza amagufwa agateza imbere amagufwa.
Byaba byiza, amagufwa akwiye kugira ibiranga bikurikira: (1) inzitizi zihagije, imitungo ya gahunda, ihungabanye, na radiopaciriyemo imitungo myiza; (2) imbaraga zubukanishi zihagije zo gushimangirwa ako kanya; . . . na (6) ubushobozi bwo gutanga ibiyobyabwenge.
Mu myaka ya za 70, amagufwa yari yarakoreshejweingingoProthèse ikosora, kandi irashobora kandi gukoreshwa nkibikoresho byuzuza tissue no gusana ibikoresho byo gusanamo orthopedics na dentsie. Kugeza ubu, ibyakoreshejwe cyane kandi byakozwe na BENEMES BANE BISANZWE BIRI POLYMEthyl Methacrylate (PMMma) Amagufa, Calcium fomesphate igufwa na calcium sumfate. Kugeza ubu, uburyo bukunze gukoreshwa amagufwa akubiyemo ubwoko bwamagufwa (pmma) amagufwa, calcium fomes, muri pmcoum summed igufwa na calcium, calcium fosphate igufwa ryakoreshejwe. Ariko, Calcium sulfate igufwa ryakozwe mubinyabuzima kandi ntishobora gukora imiti iri hagati ya calcium sumts hamwe namagunga, kandi azatesha agaciro vuba. CALCIUM SUlfate Amagufa ya CALCATE arashobora kwishora mubyumweru bitandatu nyuma yibyumweru bitandatu mumubiri. Uku kwangirika byihuse ntabwo bihuye nuburyo bwo gushinga amagufwa. Kubwibyo, ugereranije na calcium fosifate yamagufa, iterambere na kashe ya calcium sulfate ya Sulcium summe ya enume ya enus igarukira. Pmma amagufwa ni polymer ya acrylic yakozwe mukuvanga ibice bibiri: Methyl Methacrylate Monomer na Dinthyl Methacrylate-Styrene Copolymer. Ifite ibisigazwa byimyitwarire mike, imiti irwanya imitekerereze mike, kandi irashobora gutuma amagufwa mashya kandi ashobora kugabanya ibintu bibi biterwa no kuvunika imbaraga nyinshi na plastike. Ibigize Ifu yacyo ni Polymethyl Methacrylate cyangwa methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer, hamwe nibigize amazi ni methyl metharacrylate.
Pmma amagufwa afite imbaraga zidake cyane na plakiyeli, kandi ugakomeza vuba, bityo abarwayi barashobora kuva mu buriri kandi bagakora ibikorwa byo gusana no gusana mu buzima busanzwe nyuma yo kubagwa. Ifite ishusho nziza ya plastike, kandi umukoresha arashobora gukora plastike mbere yuko ingwate ryamagufwa rishimangirwa. Ibikoresho bifite imikorere myiza yumutekano, kandi ntabwo byangiritse cyangwa byatewe numubiri wumuntu nyuma yo gukora mumubiri. Imiterere yimiti irahamye, kandi imitungo ya mashini iramenyekana.
Ariko, biracyafite ingaruka zimwe, nko guteza igitutu kinini mu magufa ya muganga mugihe cyuzuye, bigatera ibitonyanga byabyibushye kugirango binjire mu miyoboro y'amaraso kandi bigatera emgolism. Bitandukanye n'amagufwa yabantu, ingingo zubukorikori zirashobora gucika mugihe runaka. PMMA Monomer arekura ubushyuhe mugihe gito, gishobora gutera ibyangiritse kumyenda cyangwa selile. Ibikoresho bigizwe na cement bifite cyuma runaka, nibindi.
Ibigize na sima y'amagufwa birashobora gutera ibisubizo bya allergique, nka rash, Urticaria, Dyspnea nibindi bimenyetso, kandi mubihe bikomeye, guhungabana kwa anaphylactique bishobora kubaho. Kwipimisha allergie bigomba gukorwa mbere yo gukoreshwa kugirango wirinde reaction ya allergic. Ibisubizo bibi muri cevement birimo amagufwa ya arne allergic reaction, amagufwa ya bugufa, amagufwa yamagufa arekura no kwimyambaro. Amagufwa ya magufwa arashobora gutera gutwika amati ya tissue nuburozi, kandi ashobora no kwangiza imitsi n'amaraso yamaraso, biganisha kubibazo. Amagufwa ya magufwa akosomwe nizewe kandi arashobora kumara imyaka irenga icumi, cyangwa imyaka irenga makumyabiri.
Kubaga amagufwa yo kubaga amagufwa ni usanzwe kubaga ibintu bidahuye, hamwe nizina ryayo siyanse ni Vertebroplasty. Ingwate yamagufa ni ibikoresho bya polymer hamwe namazi meza mbere yo gukomera. Irashobora kwinjiza byoroshye vertebrae binyuze mu rushinge rwo gucukirwa, hanyuma ukwirakwize hejuru yo kuvunika imbere imbere ya vertebrae; Ingwate y'amagufa ishimangira iminota igera ku 10, ikongeza ibice mu magufwa, kandi sima igoye irashobora kugira uruhare rushyigikiye mu magufwa, bigatuma vertebrae ikomeye. Inzira yose yo kuvura ifata iminota 20-30.
Kugirango wirinde gutandukana nyuma yamagufa yamagufa, ubwoko bushya bwibikoresho byo kubaga byakozwe, aribyo igikoresho cya Vertebroplasty. Bituma habaho gito kumugongo wumurwayi kandi ikoresha urushinge rwihariye rwo gucumita yo gucumita umubiri udasanzwe unyuze mu ruhu munsi ya x-ray kugenzura kugirango akore umuyoboro wakazi. Noneho ballon yinjijwe kugirango ishyireho umubiri udafunze, hanyuma amagufwa yamagufa yatewe mumubiri wa vertebral kugirango ugarure isura yumubiri wavunitse. Amagufwa yo muri kanseri mu mubiri wa Vortebral yisojwe no kwagura umuriro kugira ngo bibe inzitizi yo gukumira indwara y'amagufwa yo gukumira imari y'amagufwa, bityo bikagabanya cyane amagufwa yometseho. Irashobora kugabanya ibyangombwa bijyanye no kuruhuka uburiri, nka pneumonia, ibisebe byigitutu, kandi byindangamiro ya osteoporose yatewe nigihombo kirekire.
Niba kubaga PKP bikorwa, umurwayi akwiye kuruhuka muburiri mugihe cyamasaha 2 nyuma yo kubagwa, kandi arashobora guhindukira kuri axis. Muri kiriya gihe, niba hari ibyiyumvo bidasanzwe cyangwa ububabare bukomeje kuba bibi, umuganga agomba kumenyeshwa mugihe.
Icyitonderwa:
① Irinde kuzenguruka ibintu bikomeye byo kuzunguruka no kunama;
② Irinde kwicara cyangwa guhagarara igihe kirekire;
Wirinde gutwara ibiro cyangwa kunama gutoranya ibintu hasi;
④ Irinde kwicara ku ntebe nto;
⑤ Irinde kugwa no kwisubiraho.
Igihe cyohereza: Nov-25-2024
