Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) nuburyo bwo kubaga bukuraho ivi ryumurwayi wumurwayi ufite uburwayi bukabije bwangirika cyangwa indwara zifata ingingo hanyuma igasimbuza imiterere yangiritse hamwe na prothèse artificiel. Intego yubu kubaga ni ukugabanya ububabare, kunoza imikorere ihuriweho, no kugarura ubuzima bwumurwayi mubuzima bwa buri munsi. Mugihe cyo kubaga, umuganga akuramo amagufwa yangiritse nuduce tworoshye, hanyuma ashyira prothèse artificiel ikozwe mubyuma na plastike mu ivi kugirango bigereranye urujya n'uruza rusanzwe. Ubu kubaga busanzwe bufatwa mugihe cyububabare bukabije, kugenda muke, hamwe nubuvuzi budahwitse, kandi bugamije gufasha abarwayi kugarura imikorere isanzwe hamwe nubuzima bwiza.
1.Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kubaga amavi?
Kubaga ivi, bizwi kandi ku mavi resurfacing, ni uburyo bwo kubaga bukoreshwa mu kuvura indwara zikomeye zifata ivi. Kubaga bikorwa mugukuraho ivi ryangiritse ryangiritse, nkubuso bwa arctular ya femur ya kure na tibia yegeranye, ndetse rimwe na rimwe hejuru ya patellar, hanyuma ugashyiraho prothèse artificiel kugirango isimbuze ibyo bice byangiritse, bityo bigarure ituze hamwe nintera yimikorere yibihimba.
Impamvu zitera gukomeretsa kw'ivi zishobora kuba zirimo osteoarthritis, rubagimpande ya rubagimpande, ihahamuka rya rubagimpande, nibindi.
Uburyo bwo kubaga busanzwe bukubiyemo intambwe zikurikira: Icya mbere, kora umurongo muremure wo hagati ugana ku ivi kugirango ugaragaze ingingo y'amavi; hanyuma, koresha ibikoresho kugirango ukore umwitozo wa position na osteotomy kumpera yo hepfo yigitereko no hejuru ya tibia; hanyuma, upime kandi ushyireho prothèse ikwiye ihuriweho, harimo padi femorale, tibial pad, meniscus na prostellar prosthesis; amaherezo, shushanya ibice byumubiri hamwe nuruhu kugirango urangize ibikorwa.
Ingaruka zo kubaga ivi risanzwe ni ingirakamaro, zishobora kugabanya ububabare, kunoza imikorere ihuriweho, no kuzamura imibereho yumurwayi. Nyamara, kubaga bifite kandi ingaruka zimwe na zimwe, nko kwandura, trombose, ibyago byo gutera anesteziya, ingorane zo kubaga, prothèse irekura cyangwa gutsindwa, nibindi.
Kubwibyo, mbere yo kubagwa, abarwayi bakeneye kwisuzumisha ryuzuye, kuvugana na muganga byimazeyo, kumva ingaruka n'ingaruka zo kubagwa, kandi bagakurikiza inama za muganga zijyanye no gutegura mbere yo gutangira no gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe nyuma yo kubagwa.
Muri rusange, kubaga ivi ni uburyo bukuze kandi bunoze bwo kuvura indwara zikomeye zivi, zishobora kuzana ibyiringiro bishya n'amahirwe yo kuzamura ubuzima bw'abarwayi.
2.Ni ibihe bikoresho bikoreshwa mu kubaga ivi?
Ibikoresho byo kubaga birimo icyuma cyitwa hexagon, icyuma gipima tibial, icyuma gipima umubyimba, igikoresho cyo gupima tibial, patellar chute osteotome, slide, umutegarugori wa tibial extramedullary, umutegetsi, umutegarugori wa osteotomy wikizamini cya femorale, anesthetic, inkoni ya rambi, umugozi ufunguye, umutego wimbaraga, umutego wimbaraga, umutego wimbaraga, umutego wuzuye, guhagarika amagufwa yamagufa, gukomera, tibial test mold depressor, umuyobozi, ikuramo hamwe nagasanduku k'ibikoresho.
3.Ni ikihe gihe cyo gukira cyo kubaga ivi?
Muganga wawe azaguha amabwiriza yo kwiyuhagira. Ubudozi cyangwa ibikoresho byo kubaga bizakurwaho mugihe cyo gusura ibiro.
Kugira ngo ugabanye kubyimba, urashobora gusabwa kuzamura ukuguru cyangwa gushira urubura kumavi.
Fata ububabare bugabanya ububabare nkuko bisabwa na muganga wawe. Aspirine cyangwa indi miti imwe nimwe yububabare irashobora kongera amahirwe yo kuva amaraso. Witondere gufata imiti isabwa gusa.
Menyesha umuganga wawe gutanga raporo muri ibi bikurikira:
1.Umuriro
2.Umutuku, kubyimba, kuva amaraso, cyangwa andi mazi ava aho yatembereye
3.Kwiyongera ububabare hafi yikibanza
Urashobora gusubukura indyo yawe isanzwe keretse muganga wawe akugiriye inama ukundi.
Ntugomba gutwara imodoka kugeza umuganga wawe akubwiye. Ibindi bibuza ibikorwa birashobora gukurikizwa. Gukira byuzuye kubagwa bishobora gufata amezi menshi.
Ni ngombwa ko wirinda kugwa nyuma yo kubagwa ivi, kuko kugwa bishobora kuviramo kwangirika kwingingo nshya. Umuvuzi wawe arashobora kuguha ibikoresho bifasha (inkoni cyangwa kugenda) kugirango bigufashe kugenda kugeza imbaraga zawe nuburinganire byateye imbere.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-06-2025
